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	<id>https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Graded_ring</id>
	<title>Graded ring - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Graded_ring"/>
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	<updated>2026-07-14T12:56:17Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=1737&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Masnevets: /* Definition */  added notion of positively graded</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=1737&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-01-03T18:41:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Definition: &lt;/span&gt;  added notion of positively graded&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 18:41, 3 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;graded ring&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[commutative unital ring]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; equipped with a direct sum decomposition as a sum of Abelian subgroups:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;graded ring&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[commutative unital ring]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; equipped with a direct sum decomposition as a sum of Abelian subgroups:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A = \oplus_{i=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/del&gt;}^\infty A_i = A_0 \oplus A_1 \oplus A_2 \oplus \&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ldots&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A = \oplus_{i=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-\infty&lt;/ins&gt;}^\infty A_i = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\cdots A_{-2} \oplus A_{-1} \oplus &lt;/ins&gt;A_0 \oplus A_1 \oplus A_2 \oplus \&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cdots&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;such that the following hold:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;such that the following hold:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A_mA_n \subset A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. In other words, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;a \in A_m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;b \in A_n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; then &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;ab \in A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A_mA_n \subset A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. In other words, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;a \in A_m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;b \in A_n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; then &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;ab \in A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A structure of the above sort on a ring is termed a &#039;&#039;&#039;gradation&#039;&#039;&#039;, also a &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathbb{Z}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-gradation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;A structure of the above sort on a ring is termed a &#039;&#039;&#039;gradation&#039;&#039;&#039;, also a &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathbb{Z}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-gradation&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. The ring &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is &#039;&#039;&#039;positively graded&#039;&#039;&#039; if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A_i = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for all &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There are related notions for noncommutative rings.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There are related notions for noncommutative rings.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Masnevets</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=416&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul: 2 revisions</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=416&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-05-12T16:22:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;2 revisions&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:22, 12 May 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=415&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul at 21:53, 8 February 2008</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=415&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-02-08T21:53:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:53, 8 February 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{ring with addl structure}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Definition==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Definition==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=414&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul: New page: ==Definition==  A &#039;&#039;&#039;graded ring&#039;&#039;&#039; is a commutative unital ring &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; equipped with a direct sum decomposition as a sum of Abelian subgroups:  &lt;math&gt;A = \oplus_{i=0}^\infty A...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://commalg.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Graded_ring&amp;diff=414&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-02-08T21:07:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: ==Definition==  A &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;graded ring&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Commutative_unital_ring&quot; title=&quot;Commutative unital ring&quot;&gt;commutative unital ring&lt;/a&gt; &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; equipped with a direct sum decomposition as a sum of Abelian subgroups:  &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A = \oplus_{i=0}^\infty A...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Definition==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;graded ring&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[commutative unital ring]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; equipped with a direct sum decomposition as a sum of Abelian subgroups:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A = \oplus_{i=0}^\infty A_i = A_0 \oplus A_1 \oplus A_2 \oplus \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such that the following hold:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Each &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A_i&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a subgroup under addition&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;1 \in A_0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;A_mA_n \subset A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. In other words, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;a \in A_m&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;b \in A_n&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; then &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;ab \in A_{m+n}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A structure of the above sort on a ring is termed a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;gradation&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, also a &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathbb{Z}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;-gradation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are related notions for noncommutative rings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Related notions==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Weaker notions===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Filtered ring]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>